A-Level Sociology (AQA)

Topic Summaries

Work, poverty, and welfare

Globalisation and work

  • 👤 Jahoda: (1958) work provides time structure, social contacts, goals, status, and activity.
    • Overlooks harmful or exploitative work experiences.
  • Worklessness: leads to financial hardship, psychological distress, and social isolation.
    • Impact varies with welfare safety nets and social support. 
  • Deindustrialisation: loss of traditional industries due to global labour markets creates structural unemployment.
    • Some areas adapt through service sector growth.
  • Gig economy: growth of insecure, platform-based work such as Uber and Deliveroo.
    • Offers flexibility but lacks security and benefits.
  • Global division of labour: capital flows to low-wage economies, pressuring wages and conditions in developed countries.
    • Can also create job opportunities in emerging economies.

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