A-Level Sociology (AQA)

Topic Summaries

Crime and deviance

Feminist perspectives of crime

  • Patriarchal control: (👤 Heidensohn, 1985) women are controlled in public, at home, and at work, reducing opportunities for crime.
    • Overemphasises control and underplays women’s agency.
  • Class and gender deal: (👤 Carlen, 1988) women conform if they receive material rewards (class deal) and emotional rewards (gender deal). Crime occurs when these deals are unavailable. 
    • Based on a small sample, mainly working-class women.
  • Conformity: (👥 Smart, 1977) the criminal justice system is gendered, treating women differently based on whether they conform to traditional gender norms.
    • Sometimes women are treated more leniently (chivalry thesis).

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