GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Potential Difference in Transformers

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Magnetism and electromagnetism Induced potential, transformers and the National Grid

Potential Difference in Transformers

2:46 Transformers
Spec 4.7.3.4
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  • Transformers change the potential difference of an alternating current.
  • Made by wrapping two coils around an iron core.
  • Alternating current in one coil induces a current in the second coil.
  • Input potential difference is called primary potential difference (VP).
  • Output potential difference is called secondary potential difference (VS).
  • Transformers have different values for VP and VS.
  • Two types of transformers: step-up and step-down.
  • Step-up transformers increase potential difference.
  • Less turns on primary coil, more on secondary coil.
  • VS is greater than VP.
  • Step-down transformers decrease potential difference.
  • More turns on primary coil, less on secondary coil.
  • VP is greater than VS.
  • For exams, differentiate transformers by design and effect on alternating current.

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