GCSE Combined Science (AQA)

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Forming Soluble salts

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Chemical changes Reactions of acids

Forming Soluble salts

6:31 pH and Neutralisation Reactions
Spec 4.4.2.3
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  • Soluble salts can be made by reacting solid insoluble substances with acids.
  • Salts are compounds made up of a positive and a negative ion.
  • Typically produced by reacting acids with alkalis, but other insoluble substances like metals, metal oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates can be used.
  • Pure metals are not usually used due to violent or slow reactions with acids.
  • Metal compounds are preferred for making salts.
  • Example: To make copper salt, use copper oxide, copper hydroxide, or copper carbonate.
  • The type of salt produced depends on the positive ions from the metal and the negative ions from the acid.
  • Steps to make a pure dry sample of a specific soluble salt:
  • 1. Identify the reactants needed (e.g., copper oxide and sulfuric acid for copper sulfate).
  • 2. Add the insoluble solid to the acid in excess to ensure all the acid is used up.
  • 3. Heat and stir the acid gently to react with the solid completely.
  • 4. Filter the solution to remove excess solid and leave a pure salt solution.
  • 5. Evaporate the water to crystallize the salt using an evaporating basin.
  • 6. Turn off the heat when crystals form and let the rest of the water evaporate naturally.
  • 7. Dab the crystals between filter paper to remove excess solution and leave them to dry.

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