GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Current Flow in a Wire

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Electricity Current, potential difference and resistance

Current Flow in a Wire

6:08 Circutis, Charge and Current
Spec 4.2.1.1 4.2.1.2
Previous Electric Charge Next Calculating Electric Current
  • Metals contain delocalized electrons that move around positive ions.
  • The basic structure of metals like copper involves large positive ions in a rigid structure.
  • Positive ions are atoms that have lost electrons, gaining a positive charge.
  • Delocalized electrons are free to move and provide metals with a strong structure.
  • Electric current is a flow of charge; delocalized electrons in a wire carry this current.
  • Electrons, as charge carriers, move while ions remain stationary.
  • Supplying energy can make electrons move in the same direction, causing a flow of negative charge.
  • In metals, charge is carried by delocalized electrons.
  • In a circuit, electrons carry charge from the negative to the positive terminal of a cell.
  • Charge carriers move clockwise in a circuit due to attraction to the positive terminal and repulsion from the negative terminal.
  • A closed loop is necessary to prevent electron buildup and ensure consistent electron flow.
  • Conventional current flows from positive to negative, opposite to electron motion.
  • Scientists initially believed positive charges carried current, leading to the concept of conventional current.
  • Current is the same at every point in a single closed loop circuit due to uniform electron concentration and speed.
  • Ammeters measure current in a circuit and have a positive and negative connection.
  • Ammeters should be connected in series with the component being measured.
  • The circuit symbol for an ammeter is a circle with an "A" inside.
  • Ammeters provide a negative reading if connected incorrectly.
  • Ammeters should be placed on the same branch as the component to measure current through it.

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