GCSE Combined Science (AQA)

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Solids

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Particle model of matter Changes of state and the particle model

Solids

1:54 Density and States of Matter
Spec 4.3.1.1
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  • Solids are a state of matter where atoms or molecules are tightly packed in a regular, rigid structure.
  • In solids, molecules can vibrate but cannot move out of their position due to strong bonds.
  • Molecules in solids gain energy through heat flow, collisions, and electromagnetic radiation, causing them to vibrate.
  • The arrangement of molecules in a solid does not change unless the melting point is reached.
  • Solids have a strong structure, making them difficult to change shape, bend, or squash.
  • The structure of solids can be altered by cutting, crushing, or processes like wire pulling.
  • Changing the state of a solid, such as melting, makes it easier to change its form (e.g., pouring melted metal into molds).
  • In exams, examples of substances will clearly indicate their state, allowing for the relation of properties to molecular structure.

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