GCSE Combined Science (AQA)

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Group 1: Reaction with Chlorine

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Atomic structure and the periodic table The periodic table

Group 1: Reaction with Chlorine

3:33 Reactions of Group 1 elements
Spec 4.1.2.5 4.1.2.1
Previous Group 1: Reaction with Oxygen Next Group 7: Halogens
  • Alkali metals react vigorously with chlorine when heated to form metal chlorides.
  • Alkali metals are soft, can be cut with a knife, and have a shiny inside and dull outside.
  • Chlorine gas is green at room temperature.
  • Heating alkali metals and chlorine forms a white solid known as metal chloride, also called salts.
  • Table salt is sodium chloride, one of many types of salts.
  • Word equation: metal + chlorine reacts to form metal chloride.
  • Alkali metals burn with distinctive colors when reacting with chlorine.
  • Three gas jars contain CL2 gas; alkali metals are lowered using combustion spoons.
  • Metals are heated in a Bunsen flame before being plunged into chlorine jars.
  • Reactions produce characteristic red, orange, and lilac flames.
  • In exams, describe reactions of lithium, sodium, and potassium with chlorine.
  • Lithium burns with a red flame, forming lithium chloride.
  • Symbol equation: 2Li solid + Cl2 gas ��� 2LiCl solid.
  • Sodium burns with an orange flame, forming sodium chloride.
  • Symbol equation: 2Na solid + Cl2 gas ��� 2NaCl solid.
  • Potassium burns with a purple flame, forming potassium chloride.
  • Symbol equation: 2K solid + Cl2 gas ��� 2KCl solid.

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