GCSE Combined Science (AQA)

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Genetic Inheritance

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Inheritance, Variation and Evolution Reproduction

Genetic Inheritance

2:08 Genetic Inheritance Terms
Spec 4.6.1.6
Previous Studying the Human Genome Next Genotype
  • Inheritance is the process by which genetic information is passed from parent to child.
  • Diagrams typically show parents at the top and children below.
  • Gametes (sperm and egg cells) contain chromosomes from each parent, leading to inherited characteristics.
  • Genetic inheritance controls characteristics of all living things.
  • Some characteristics are controlled by a single gene, such as fur color in mice or red-green colorblindness.
  • Genes have different versions called alleles.
  • Each individual inherits two versions of each chromosome, one from each parent, resulting in two copies of each gene.
  • An individual receives one allele from the mother and one from the father.
  • Characteristics can be controlled by a single set of genes or a pair of alleles.
  • Important terms to define for exams include gamete, chromosome, gene, and allele.
  • Most characteristics result from multiple genes interacting.
  • Examples of traits influenced by multiple genes include hair color and skin color, which involve many genes working together to produce a range of appearances.
  • Specific examples of characteristics controlled by more than one pair of alleles are not required knowledge for the exam.

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