GCSE Combined Science (AQA)

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Filtration

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Atomic structure and the periodic table A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes

Filtration

3:42 Separation of Mixtures
Spec 4.1.1.2
Previous Solvent, Solute & Solution Next Crystallisation
  • Filtration is a process used to separate mixtures, specifically an insoluble solid from a liquid.
  • An insoluble solid is one that cannot dissolve in a liquid.
  • Example: Separating sand (insoluble solid) from seawater (liquid).
  • Filtration involves using a funnel and filter paper to separate the mixture.
  • The liquid passes through the filter paper into a flask, leaving the insoluble solid behind.
  • Filtration does not involve a chemical reaction and no new substances are made.
  • The process results in two products: the liquid (filtrate) and the solid (residue).
  • Step-by-step filtration process:
  • Step 1: Place a funnel with filter paper into a flask.
  • Step 2: Pour the mixture of solid and liquid into the filter paper.
  • Step 3: The liquid drips through into the flask, leaving the insoluble solid in the filter paper.
  • The residue is the insoluble solid left in the filter paper.
  • The filtrate is the liquid and any dissolved solute that collects in the flask.
  • Filtrate passes through the filter paper, while the residue does not.

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