GCSE Chemistry (AQA)

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Cells & Batteries

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Energy changes Chemical cells and fuel cells

Cells & Batteries

3:18 Chemical Reactions in Cells and Batteries
Spec 4.5.2.1
Previous Reaction Profiles Next Chemical Cell Types
  • Chemical cells contain chemicals that react to produce electricity.
  • A simple cell consists of two different metals in contact with an electrolyte.
  • Electrolytes conduct an electric current when molten or in solution.
  • Metals in cells are known as electrodes.
  • The type of electrodes and electrolytes affects the voltage produced.
  • Voltage refers to the potential difference between two points, leading to the flow of charged electrons (electric current).
  • Different metals and electrolytes result in different potential differences.
  • Example: Magnesium and copper electrodes in copper sulfate solution produce 2.7 volts.
  • Example: Iron and tin in ammonium chloride solution produce 0.3 volts.
  • Batteries are two or more cells connected in series.
  • Scientific definition of a battery: consists of two or more cells in series.
  • Batteries provide greater voltage than individual cells.
  • Total voltage of cells in series is the sum of their individual voltages.
  • Example: Two cells each producing 2.5 volts in series result in a total voltage of 5 volts.

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