Essex’s rebellion

Essex’s rebellion

The Earl of Essex (Robert Devereux) was one of Elizabeth I’s favourites at court and a member of the Privy Council but a rival of William and Robert Cecil.
He had a monopoly on sweet wine, giving him wealth and influence.
He became famous after a military victory over the Spanish in 1596 and was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
In Ireland, he went against Elizabeth’s orders by making a truce with the Irish rebel leader. Upon return, he saw Elizabeth in a vulnerable state (without her wig and makeup). She then banned him from court, refused to renew his sweet wine monopoly, and stripped him of political power.
In 1601, Essex tried to stage a rebellion with around 200 supporters, but most rebels deserted after being offered a pardon. The rebellion collapsed in just 12 hours. Essex was tried for treason and executed privately to avoid public sympathy.

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