GCSE Geography (AQA)

Topic Summaries

Urban sustainability and patterns of urban development

Urban sustainability

  • Water conservation: involves reducing water usage through efficient fixtures, rainwater harvesting, greywater recycling, and fixing leaks.
  • Energy conservation: involves using energy-efficient appliances, LED lighting, renewable energy sources (e.g. solar panels), and better insulation in buildings to reduce energy demand.
  • Waste recycling: involves collecting, processing, and reusing materials like paper, plastic, glass, and metal to reduce landfill use. This promotes composting of organic waste, encourages waste separation at the source, and conserves natural resources.
  • Creating green space: refers to developing parks, community gardens, green roofs, and street trees. Benefits include improved air quality, reduced urban heat island effect, support for biodiversity, and enhanced mental and physical wellbeing for residents.

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