GCSE Biology (Pearson IGCSE)

Topic Summaries

Transport Systems

Heart anatomy

  • Valves prevent the backflow of blood.

  • The heart muscle cells are supplied by the coronary arteries, delivering oxygen for aerobic respiration to provide energy for the heart to contract.

  • The resting heart rate is controlled by a group of pacemaker cells located in the wall of the right atrium.

  • Irregularities in the heart rate are corrected using artificial pacemakers.

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